The Parisian club has now secured the prestigious cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, Marseille struck two times in the closing moments to take a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a breathtaking twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker grabbed a vital equaliser in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 years.